Support from readers like you keeps The Journal open.
You are visiting us because we have something you value. Independent, unbiased news that tells the truth. Advertising revenue goes some way to support our mission, but this year it has not been enough.
If you've seen value in our reporting, please contribute what you can, so we can continue to produce accurate and meaningful journalism. For everyone who needs it.
WHEN META DROPPED its declaration this week that it was replacing fact-checker partnerships in the US with Community Notes, it was a surprise.
The Journal FactCheck has been a partner in Meta’s Third Party Fact-checking Program (3PFC) since 2018. In common with the more than 100 fact-checker partners in Meta’s project, we had no prior notice of this decision.
Those of us in the European time zones had a morning’s work and some coffee under the belt on Tuesday before Meta slid into our inbox. The 10 US fact-checking partners whose contracts are being terminated would likely have woken to news alerts to that effect on their phones.
As “international” partners, (ie, outside the US) we continue our work with Meta as planned for the year ahead but what Mark Zuckerberg baldly phrased as the decision to “get rid of fact-checkers” in the US casts a long shadow.
I described the decision as “disappointing” on The Journal this week. In truth, while the move continues to provoke disappointment – veering into dismay – it is not all that surprising. There is a political and business reality in the US that has been apparent since the results of the presidential election in November. Meta is not alone among US companies and tech platforms in understanding the memo.
The decision by Meta and the language used to convey it lays a lot of blame at the door of fact-checkers. It accuses them, particularly the US cohort, of political bias and being agents of censorship. We’ll come back to that.
Mark Zuckerberg, in his five-minute video on Meta’s new direction, explicitly namechecks Donald Trump, his incoming administration and his election as a “cultural tipping point”. In recent weeks, Meta has elevated Dana White, a friend of Trump, to its board of directors, and replaced former British deputy prime minister Nick Clegg with former George W Bush administration veteran Joel Kaplan as head of global policy.
“Probably, yeah”
The President-elect has previously accused Zuckerberg of plotting against him in the 2020 election and threatened him with prison. And this all against the backdrop of X billionaire owner Elon Musk getting a seat at Trump’s table. So when Trump says, “Probably, yeah”, when reporters asked if he thinks the declaration from Meta is an attempt to please him, then, yeah. Probably.
Turns out it’s not really about fact-checkers at all.
The easiest and, let’s face it, most entertaining narrative is to paint Musk and Zuckerberg as nervous sons jostling for position in front of a mercurial and powerful father. A badly-scripted episode of Succession, with elevated levels of cringe and sucking up.
This might be unfair to them both. Musk in particular seems to believe in every alarming word he utters. But keeping this background in mind puts in perspective a number of claims made by Meta and Zuckerberg about how the 3PFC partnership worked (or didn’t).
In his video this week, Zuckerberg said that following the 2016 election of Donald Trump “the legacy media wrote non-stop about how misinformation was a threat to democracy”.
He says this like it was a bad thing.
The 3PFC project was created in 2016 as a proactive and welcome response from Meta to growing online disinformation, including Russian attempts on Facebook and other platforms to spread false claims during the US presidential election.
The truth is that it was and remains a Very Good Initiative. It isn’t designed to hide content; it is designed to provide context.
Fact-checkers can not block nor remove content
Fact-checkers can add labels that indicate there is extra information around posts that are assessed to be distributing false or misleading content. Users have the choice to continue through to the post, and/or consult the fact-checker’s analysis.
Meta's own example of 3PFC labelling. Meta
Meta
This brings us to a fundamental miscommunication in this week’s Meta statement about the role of fact-checking organisations in the 3PFC Program. They are described as using it as a “tool to censor”. This simply isn’t possible. Fact-checkers could never remove or block content on Meta platforms.
Meta’s own description of the 3PFC states it very clearly: “Fact-checkers do not remove content, accounts or Pages from our apps. We remove content when it violates our Community Standards, which are separate from our fact-checking programs.”
Advertisement
The truth is that only Meta has the power to remove or limit access to content on its own platforms.
Political expediency
There is irony too in Zuckerberg branding US fact-checkers as being “just too politically biased” in a statement that, in both timing and explicit alignment, hints strongly at political expediency.
The truth is that the people and organisations charged with doing that fact-checking work are required to undergo an extensive annual audit of their adherence to the principles of the International Fact-Checking Network (IFCN). As the IFCN membership stated today, this requires that there are “no affiliations with political parties or candidates, no policy advocacy, and an unwavering commitment to objectivity and transparency”.
It goes on: “Each news organization undergoes rigorous annual verification, including independent assessment and peer review. Far from questioning these standards, Meta has consistently praised their rigor and effectiveness.”
An additional fact: Meta does not allow fact-checkers to label content made by any politician or election candidate under its 3PFC Program. There has been no shortage of free speech opportunities available in the political arena on Meta platforms and as Meta confirms in its statement this week, it had as a company downgraded the availability of political content in that time, a policy it is now reversing.
It seeks to inform and be transparent
As counter-disinformation efforts go, the fact-checking partnership project has a good deal to recommend it. It seeks to inform and promote transparency.
And the truth is, up until Tuesday, this is how Meta had expressed its satisfaction in the fact-checking partnerships, both publicly and to us as organisations. In 2021, two years after the Georgetown ‘freedom of expression’ address Zuckerberg mentions in his video, Meta had praised the Program – and with supporting data:
We know this program is working and people find value in the warning screens we apply to content after a fact-checking partner has rated it.
“We surveyed people who had seen these warning screens on-platform and found that 74% of people thought they saw the right amount or were open to seeing more false information labels, with 63% of people thinking they were applied fairly.”
Here’s the truth: fact-checking and freedom of expression has not been at odds in Meta, nor has the company seen it as so. It has been a really useful effort, it has been innovative and it has had an impact in increasing independent, factual information available to users of Meta’s platforms.
Meta has said: This works
And while there is still a decision to be made about the future of the Program in Europe and beyond, bear in mind Meta’s own assessment of how the partnership with fact-checkers worked to counter misinformation and interference in the 2024 European elections is very positive indeed.
The hard data is there too: “On average, 48% of people who started to share fact-checked content on Facebook, and 44% on Instagram, did not complete this action after receiving a warning from Meta that the content has been fact-checked, demonstrating the impact of labelling efforts in reducing the spread of misinformation on both platforms.” Meta is saying: This works.
We hope that the 3PFC Program will continue in other jurisdictions. It’s not perfect – the ban on fact-checking political speech, for example, has been extremely problematic and we have publicly said so – but it has been a useful part in the fight to keep social media users aware and informed to make their own decisions about what they are seeing online.
Why add to the war on expertise?
At The Journal FactCheck we have found it beneficial to us in both resources and distribution. We think it would be a great loss to users on Meta’s platforms and that there is room for both this effort as well as something like Community Notes.
Why exclude expertise research and analysis in favour of community sentiment when you can consult and present both? And why not continue to add further tools to support this challenge of allowing robust and informed debate on social media and messaging platforms? Why add to the war on expertise?
The Journal FactCheck existed before the partnership, and will continue to do so beyond any future decisions by external partners, but if there is any takeaway, to use Meta’s preferred term, it is that public service journalism like fact-checking requires support and resourcing and we can not depend on any major protagonist of the problem to provide it.
We know that our readers at The Journal value the work of our FactCheck team, sending us notes to say so along with contributions to our readers’ fund. A recent one simply stated: “Your work on fact-checking and disinformation in Ireland is absolutely vital. Thank you, and keep it up!”
Thank you. We stand with you too.
The Journal FactCheck is a verified signatory of the IFCN, a partner in the Ireland EDMO (European Digital Media Observatory) hub and adheres to the Code of Practice of the Press Council of Ireland.
Find our latest fact-checks here, and check out our media literacy project, Knowledge Bank, here.
Readers like you are keeping these stories free for everyone...
It is vital that we surface facts from noise. Articles like this one brings you clarity, transparency and balance so you can make well-informed decisions.
We set up FactCheck in 2016 to proactively expose false or misleading information, but to continue to deliver on this mission we need your support.
Over 5,000 readers like you support us. If you can, please consider setting up a monthly payment or making a once-off donation to keep news free to everyone.
FactCheck
The Journal's monthly FactCheck newsletter keeps you in the loop about what misinformation trends Ireland is experiencing - and how we're fighting back. Sign up here
Over 5,000 women in Europe have to travel abroad for abortions each year
Órla Ryan & Maria Delaney
3 hrs ago
906
na na na na na na na na
Quiz: How much do you know about the Batman films?
5 hrs ago
9.2k
23
Gardaí
Six-year-old girl who was cycling her bike dies in incident involving a truck in Galway city
Updated
19 hrs ago
70.3k
Your Cookies. Your Choice.
Cookies help provide our news service while also enabling the advertising needed to fund this work.
We categorise cookies as Necessary, Performance (used to analyse the site performance) and Targeting (used to target advertising which helps us keep this service free).
We and our 164 partners store and access personal data, like browsing data or unique identifiers, on your device. Selecting Accept All enables tracking technologies to support the purposes shown under we and our partners process data to provide. If trackers are disabled, some content and ads you see may not be as relevant to you. You can resurface this menu to change your choices or withdraw consent at any time by clicking the Cookie Preferences link on the bottom of the webpage .Your choices will have effect within our Website. For more details, refer to our Privacy Policy.
We and our vendors process data for the following purposes:
Use precise geolocation data. Actively scan device characteristics for identification. Store and/or access information on a device. Personalised advertising and content, advertising and content measurement, audience research and services development.
Cookies Preference Centre
We process your data to deliver content or advertisements and measure the delivery of such content or advertisements to extract insights about our website. We share this information with our partners on the basis of consent. You may exercise your right to consent, based on a specific purpose below or at a partner level in the link under each purpose. Some vendors may process your data based on their legitimate interests, which does not require your consent. You cannot object to tracking technologies placed to ensure security, prevent fraud, fix errors, or deliver and present advertising and content, and precise geolocation data and active scanning of device characteristics for identification may be used to support this purpose. This exception does not apply to targeted advertising. These choices will be signaled to our vendors participating in the Transparency and Consent Framework.
Manage Consent Preferences
Necessary Cookies
Always Active
These cookies are necessary for the website to function and cannot be switched off in our systems. They are usually only set in response to actions made by you which amount to a request for services, such as setting your privacy preferences, logging in or filling in forms. You can set your browser to block or alert you about these cookies, but some parts of the site will not then work.
Targeting Cookies
These cookies may be set through our site by our advertising partners. They may be used by those companies to build a profile of your interests and show you relevant adverts on other sites. They do not store directly personal information, but are based on uniquely identifying your browser and internet device. If you do not allow these cookies, you will experience less targeted advertising.
Functional Cookies
These cookies enable the website to provide enhanced functionality and personalisation. They may be set by us or by third party providers whose services we have added to our pages. If you do not allow these cookies then these services may not function properly.
Performance Cookies
These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site. They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. All information these cookies collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous. If you do not allow these cookies we will not be able to monitor our performance.
Store and/or access information on a device 111 partners can use this purpose
Cookies, device or similar online identifiers (e.g. login-based identifiers, randomly assigned identifiers, network based identifiers) together with other information (e.g. browser type and information, language, screen size, supported technologies etc.) can be stored or read on your device to recognise it each time it connects to an app or to a website, for one or several of the purposes presented here.
Personalised advertising and content, advertising and content measurement, audience research and services development 146 partners can use this purpose
Use limited data to select advertising 116 partners can use this purpose
Advertising presented to you on this service can be based on limited data, such as the website or app you are using, your non-precise location, your device type or which content you are (or have been) interacting with (for example, to limit the number of times an ad is presented to you).
Create profiles for personalised advertising 85 partners can use this purpose
Information about your activity on this service (such as forms you submit, content you look at) can be stored and combined with other information about you (for example, information from your previous activity on this service and other websites or apps) or similar users. This is then used to build or improve a profile about you (that might include possible interests and personal aspects). Your profile can be used (also later) to present advertising that appears more relevant based on your possible interests by this and other entities.
Use profiles to select personalised advertising 85 partners can use this purpose
Advertising presented to you on this service can be based on your advertising profiles, which can reflect your activity on this service or other websites or apps (like the forms you submit, content you look at), possible interests and personal aspects.
Create profiles to personalise content 39 partners can use this purpose
Information about your activity on this service (for instance, forms you submit, non-advertising content you look at) can be stored and combined with other information about you (such as your previous activity on this service or other websites or apps) or similar users. This is then used to build or improve a profile about you (which might for example include possible interests and personal aspects). Your profile can be used (also later) to present content that appears more relevant based on your possible interests, such as by adapting the order in which content is shown to you, so that it is even easier for you to find content that matches your interests.
Use profiles to select personalised content 35 partners can use this purpose
Content presented to you on this service can be based on your content personalisation profiles, which can reflect your activity on this or other services (for instance, the forms you submit, content you look at), possible interests and personal aspects. This can for example be used to adapt the order in which content is shown to you, so that it is even easier for you to find (non-advertising) content that matches your interests.
Measure advertising performance 136 partners can use this purpose
Information regarding which advertising is presented to you and how you interact with it can be used to determine how well an advert has worked for you or other users and whether the goals of the advertising were reached. For instance, whether you saw an ad, whether you clicked on it, whether it led you to buy a product or visit a website, etc. This is very helpful to understand the relevance of advertising campaigns.
Measure content performance 61 partners can use this purpose
Information regarding which content is presented to you and how you interact with it can be used to determine whether the (non-advertising) content e.g. reached its intended audience and matched your interests. For instance, whether you read an article, watch a video, listen to a podcast or look at a product description, how long you spent on this service and the web pages you visit etc. This is very helpful to understand the relevance of (non-advertising) content that is shown to you.
Understand audiences through statistics or combinations of data from different sources 76 partners can use this purpose
Reports can be generated based on the combination of data sets (like user profiles, statistics, market research, analytics data) regarding your interactions and those of other users with advertising or (non-advertising) content to identify common characteristics (for instance, to determine which target audiences are more receptive to an ad campaign or to certain contents).
Develop and improve services 84 partners can use this purpose
Information about your activity on this service, such as your interaction with ads or content, can be very helpful to improve products and services and to build new products and services based on user interactions, the type of audience, etc. This specific purpose does not include the development or improvement of user profiles and identifiers.
Use limited data to select content 37 partners can use this purpose
Content presented to you on this service can be based on limited data, such as the website or app you are using, your non-precise location, your device type, or which content you are (or have been) interacting with (for example, to limit the number of times a video or an article is presented to you).
Use precise geolocation data 47 partners can use this special feature
With your acceptance, your precise location (within a radius of less than 500 metres) may be used in support of the purposes explained in this notice.
Actively scan device characteristics for identification 27 partners can use this special feature
With your acceptance, certain characteristics specific to your device might be requested and used to distinguish it from other devices (such as the installed fonts or plugins, the resolution of your screen) in support of the purposes explained in this notice.
Ensure security, prevent and detect fraud, and fix errors 93 partners can use this special purpose
Always Active
Your data can be used to monitor for and prevent unusual and possibly fraudulent activity (for example, regarding advertising, ad clicks by bots), and ensure systems and processes work properly and securely. It can also be used to correct any problems you, the publisher or the advertiser may encounter in the delivery of content and ads and in your interaction with them.
Deliver and present advertising and content 100 partners can use this special purpose
Always Active
Certain information (like an IP address or device capabilities) is used to ensure the technical compatibility of the content or advertising, and to facilitate the transmission of the content or ad to your device.
Match and combine data from other data sources 73 partners can use this feature
Always Active
Information about your activity on this service may be matched and combined with other information relating to you and originating from various sources (for instance your activity on a separate online service, your use of a loyalty card in-store, or your answers to a survey), in support of the purposes explained in this notice.
Link different devices 55 partners can use this feature
Always Active
In support of the purposes explained in this notice, your device might be considered as likely linked to other devices that belong to you or your household (for instance because you are logged in to the same service on both your phone and your computer, or because you may use the same Internet connection on both devices).
Identify devices based on information transmitted automatically 91 partners can use this feature
Always Active
Your device might be distinguished from other devices based on information it automatically sends when accessing the Internet (for instance, the IP address of your Internet connection or the type of browser you are using) in support of the purposes exposed in this notice.
Save and communicate privacy choices 69 partners can use this special purpose
Always Active
The choices you make regarding the purposes and entities listed in this notice are saved and made available to those entities in the form of digital signals (such as a string of characters). This is necessary in order to enable both this service and those entities to respect such choices.
have your say